However, due to the absence of any data regarding naturalization in Qatar, it is impossible to evaluate the number of Qatari nationals during the period between the and censuses. Moving forward in time, according to the census results, Qatari nationals aged years old and above numbered 84, [11] while those aged ten and above numbered , If we assume 0 emigration of the age group and 0 mortality of children in the age group, this amounts to total Qatari citizens of , with the under age group representing 32 percent of the total population—a plausible percentage given Qatar's natural increase patterns at that time.
Comparing the census results to those of indicates a nominal increase of 49, The nominal gap between the and data is almost identical to the natural increase between the two censuses, which numbered 48, Thus, adding to the natural increase each year during the eleven years between the two censuses produces the exact increase throughout the period between the two censuses.
By the time of the March census, the Qatari authorities were publishing data regarding citizens 3-years old and above , Measuring the natural increase between the and the censuses suggests the figure of 36, The calculated number according to the Qatari natural increase data suggests the figure of , in mid see Table 1 which is about 3 percent higher than this author's calculation for the census results.
This gap could be attributed to the fact that there are three and a half months between the census implementations, namely between mid-March, and mid-year end of June. Another reason is that the rate of the natural increase provided by the QSA is not totally accurate as it includes only one digit after the decimal point.
In , the Qatari authorities revoked the citizenship of 6, members of the Murrah tribe on suspicion of disloyalty to the emir. The latest Qatari census was implemented in April As in the census, the authorities only published data regarding the population of years old and above.
According to that census, nationals of ten years and older numbered , However, a curious and significant anomaly emerges.
This is because adding the natural increase between the two censuses 38, [19] to the census data yields ,, namely, 13, less than the actual census results.
This substantial gap could not be explained by an under-enumeration of births. This is not only due to the fact that since , the Qatari civil registration system has been totally computerized but also because Qatari parents have had every reason to register new births due to various benefits granted by the government for every Qatari newborn. Moreover, because of the short time between the two censuses, it is quite easy to compare age groups in these two censuses. Under a condition of "zero naturalization and migration balance," i.
The unexplained gap between the two censuses could not be justified by the matter of the al-Murrah tribe, when in March , the Qatari authorities revoked the citizenship of about 6, members on suspicion of disloyalty to the emir. This is because their citizenship had already been returned in February Thus, both revoking and returning their citizenship occurred during the period between the two censuses.
Thus, while the difference in the number of Qatari citizens between the and the censuses could be explained at least partially by an under-enumeration of births at a period when the Qatari civil registration system was just beginning, this was certainly not the case in the period between the and the censuses. The only plausible conclusion is that, during the period between these two censuses, there was a massive naturalization of about 13, people, representing approximately 5. The Qatari natural increase data also indicates massive naturalization during the period between the two censuses, particularly in and While according to the calculations based on the Qatari natural increase data, the number of Qatari nationals increased from , in mid to , in mid, the actual natural increase in those twelve months was less than 7, see Tables 2 and 3 , namely, about 10, less than the actual growth.
However, since it is not clear when this large-scale naturalization actually occurred, it is reasonable to divide the "extra" growth beyond the natural increase equally across the 6-year period between the two censuses. Some analysts estimate that 88 percent of Qatar's population is made up of migrant workers.
But Qatar has made no progress in abolishing laws that effectively force foreign workers into slavery. With the beginning of the Persian Gulf states' oil era, but particularly following the October oil boom, these states were confronted with two options for closing the gap between their labor needs and the available supply: Adopt the labor migration policies of the developed world and naturalize vast numbers of foreign laborers, or import temporary labor migrants in order to solve shortages in the short run.
This second option was eventually implemented by all of the Gulf oil states including Qatar. It was hoped that in the not-too-distant future, the majority of the required workforce would be supplied by nationals through substantial investments in education and professional training on the one hand and by generous pro-natalist measures that would encourage high fertility rates on the other.
This policy was adopted in response to the fear that large-scale naturalization of foreigners, even of Sunni Arabs, could upset the "intimate nature" of these societies.
There was also a fear of the introduction of "revolutionary-republican ideologies" by Egyptians, Syrians, Palestinians, or Lebanese migrants, which could potentially topple the royal houses whose legitimacy and hold on power were becoming increasingly tenuous in a modern world. Thus, in each of the Gulf oil states, the authorities enacted laws to prevent the naturalization of foreign workers, even Sunni Arabs and even if they had lived in the country for decades.
Nor would birth in one of the Gulf states entitle newborns to citizenship or even permanent residency.
On the other hand, a foreign woman who marries a Gulf male does become a citizen of the host country. This difference is due to the fact that according to the Shari'a Islamic law , the religion of children follows that of the father.
Therefore, the vast majority of non-natives who have received citizenship in these countries are females married to GCC males. Only in exceptional circumstances have the authorities granted citizenship to a male foreigner; their number, in any case, was insignificant. In the case of Qatar, before the Citizenship Act No. The new act provides for the first time a legal mechanism by which a foreigner can apply for Qatari citizenship. According to the new law, Qatari citizenship may be obtained for those who fulfilled the following conditions: a residency in Qatar for at least twenty-five consecutive years; b the ability to speak Arabic; c a clean criminal record; and d a lawful means of income.
In addition to these conditions, those born to a naturalized Qatari father shall be deemed a naturalized Qatari. The new law, however, limits the number of those to be granted Qatari citizenship to only fifty annually.
It should be noted in this respect that the Qatari authorities regularly insisted that the number of those who acquired citizenship in this fashion was very small.
Thus, for example in a interview, Qatari emir Sheikh Hamad stated: "A policy to increase the population; we don't have this actually. But we give [citizenship] for the people first who apply and who fulfill our own regulations.
Until now there are not many who are asking. While official Qatar followed the common naturalization policy of the other GCC states with the majority of those receiving citizenship being foreign women married to Qatari nationals, evidence indicates that a substantial number of foreign males also succeeded in receiving Qatari citizenship. Recently, Qatar apparently started a new process of naturalization of Bahraini Sunnis.
Moreover, since the latest publication of vital statistics annual bulletins of the QSA is from , it is impossible to try to evaluate the scale of the Qatari national population following the census. But whatever the number of naturalized citizens in Qatar, the major contributor to the rapid growth of the indigenous Qatari population since the s has been natural increase.
Qatar University College of Pharmacy. Eighteen female pharmacy students receive their bachelor of science degrees from Qatar University College of Pharmacy, November 30, It is probable that the decline in the fertility rate of Qatari women has been due to both a substantial increase in the number of indigenous females receiving post-secondary education and to delayed marriages.
Since there are no official vital demographic statistics prior to , the only possibility for estimateing Qatar's natural increase rate during the s is through comparison with other countries with similar socioeconomic conditions. According to the ECWA estimate, in the crude birth rate of the indigenous Qatari population was approximately 50 per 1, while the crude death rate was 20 per 1, The total fertility rate in was estimated at 7. These values are quite similar to those which prevailed in other Gulf countries at that time.
For example, Kuwait's CBR amounted to According to our calculations which are based on official Planning and Statistics Authority PSA data sets, there were around , Qatari nationals as of early more information on the methodology can be found at the end of this article. This means Qatari citizens accounted for approximately As the numbers of migrants in Qatar keep increasing, the local population is becoming an increasingly smaller minority as shown in the graphic below.
This goes to show that the downward trend is still in effect. It is interesting to note that the total population of Qataris is actually increasing fast, it just cannot keep up with the ever growing numbers of foreigners pouring into the country and is thus shrinking in proportion to the total number. As evident from the graphic above, Qataris have been a minority in their own country for a long time. Sometime between and Indians surpassed Qataris as the single biggest national group, while Nepalis surged ahead of the locals by latest and Bangladeshis in According to data, which we received from the Filipino Embassy in Qatar, there were , Filipinos living in the country as of July The Filipino community has been more steady throughout recent years with the numbers going up and down only slightly, however still having an upward trajectory since , when there were , living in Qatar.
Their migration to Qatar started in the s, but dramatically accelerated later on in the s. The most important thing to point out is that the Government of Qatar does not publish demographic data on population by nationality. The only exception is for Qatari nationals, for which the number can be extrapolated from various demographic data sets published by the Planning and Statistics Authority PSA.
While it has never publicly stated why that is the case, it is fair to assume it has to do with the fact Qatari nationals only comprise around For the purpose of this report, we have therefore had to resort to an alternative way of gathering information.
The majority of figures shown in the table below have been sourced from foreign embassies in Qatar. In several additional cases the Government of Qatar has made data for specific nationalities publicly available. These occasions happened when a high ranking official was interviewed by the media for example, as well as a few instances of the figures appearing on official Qatari Governmental websites.
As we have prepared this sort of report thrice before in , and , the report is meant to serve as an update and contains the latest available information on each nationality in Qatar. Most of the data on individual nationalities is at most two years old and thus aims to showcase the most recent possible numbers. While we have been able to collate figures for over 90 nationalities residing in Qatar, there are of course still some that are not presented in this research.
While PSA never clearly and directly says how many Qatari nationals there are, the fact that they publish a lot of demographic data, makes it possible to extrapolate the numbers, using various data sets. This number includes economically active and inactive population including disabled persons, students, retirees, homemakers, etc and is provided based on gender as well. The estimate of the population ratio is from A simple equation lets us calculate how many Qataris there were in total in Q1 Data can be extrapolated to show there were , Qatari nationals at some point in for example.
Qatar Population Clock. Population Growth in Qatar Qatar's population is a bit unknown, as the Qatar Statistics Authority estimated that the population was 1. Capital and City Centers in Qatar Doha is Qatar's largest city and its capital, with , individuals claiming it as their home.
Qatar Population Density Map. Qatar Population by Year Historical. Qatar Population by Year Projections. Qatar Population Pyramid Loading Qatar Median Age There are 2,, people over age 18 in Qatar. Qatar Population Pyramid. The official language of Qatar is Arabic, but English is prevalent in use as a second language. Cities in Qatar. Qatar Population Rank Western Asia , The Middle East. Where is Qatar?
0コメント