The terms interview and interrogation are often incorrectly used interchangeably, even among law enforcement officers. In the argot of the police, an interview occurs when an officer asks questions during a consensual encounter. In other words, when the person being interviewed is free to leave and is not being detained. Examples of a police interview:. No evidence exists yet and there is no legal justification for the officer to detain the person. Essentially, the officer is just trying to start a conversation and see where it goes.
Can I talk to you for a minute? When an officer or detective is talking to the victim of a crime, they are conducting another type of interview. For instance, a man whose credit card number was stolen resulting in fraudulent charges on his account would need to be interviewed by the police for an investigation to begin.
Pretty straightforward, and obviously consensual. This type of interview involves talking to witnesses, who can fall into several categories. An eyewitness is one who observed a crime take place, such as a bank teller who can describe a robbery suspect. A similar type of interview may occur with an expert witness.
These could include forensic scientists, accountants, medical doctors, or engineers. An expert witness will most often testify about their particular specialty and how it might relate to a crime or a suspect. An interrogation, on the other hand, takes the interview to the next level.
More specifically, the circumstances under which the interview is occurring change proverbial levels. The interrogation title applies when the person being questioned is not free to leave.
That does not necessarily mean they are under arrest, simply that they are legally detained, at least for the moment. As summarized by Kassin and Gudjonsson , interrogations generally involve three components: a custody and isolation, in which the suspect is detained in a small room and left to experience the anxiety, insecurity, and uncertainty associated with police interrogation; b confrontation, in which the suspect is …. Name a subject, for example a time and place, and then ask the other person to tell you what they know about this.
Then stay silent and do not interrupt or probe during the answer. Let them tell you about the situation in their own words.
Thank You for Information Provided Thank you for your response to my inquiry. I appreciate the information you have provided me with, and I appreciate your prompt reply. A snide comment or remark is one which criticizes someone in an unkind and often indirect way. He made a snide comment about her taste in wine. Synonyms: nasty, sneering, malicious, mean [informal] More Synonyms of snide.
Scene of crime: i Time and place of occurrence ii Modus operandi iii Physical evidence collected iv Information collected.
The purpose of classification is to vary your approach and methods during the interrogation of a suspect. When someone is lying he will be under tension. The anti-diuretic bio-chemical substance released by his body leads to the dryness of his mouth and lips. Again in tension he may be tapping his foot, playing with his fingers, looking blankly somewhere else. Non-emotional offenders are hardened criminals.
They are professional who have gained experience committing series of crime and either subsequently have evaded the apprehension or served many jail terms. They don't like to talk much or at all. There are various kinds of witnesses such as indifference witness, interested witness, hostile witness and child witness. Indifference witness is the best kind of witness for a case because the witness does not have any interest in success or failure of the case.
He will always prefer to tell whatever he knows about the case without lying, whereas the interested witness may be a friend, a relative or a potential beneficiary in the case and may exaggerate the fact. As for the hostile witness, he may have close relation or friendship with the suspect and do want to lie to protect the suspect. You may need to interrogate him rather than interview him. Child is a volatile witness who does not lie but is prone to the suggestions.
It is worth to have an eyewitness to support a case but you should also know that his education, technical knowledge, physical condition, profession and emotion influence his observation. Don't expect him to tell everything of what happened when the incident took place.
He does not observe as what a police officer needs to observe. His information is valuable if it corroborates to the physical or circumstantial evidence collected. Reconstruction of a case is important to verify the truthfulness of the information of an eyewitness.
Polygraph and Computer Voice Stress Analyzer are being used to detect lies. While the Polygraph measures changes in person's body associated with stress of deception- alterations in heart rate, breathing, emoional sweating, the Computerized Voice Stress Analyzer measures changes in voice frequency in the human voice that occur whenever someone is lying.
The use of both of these tools are helpful to an investigator to narrow down the area of investigation even though the results are not admissible in the court of law due to the probability of evading a deception. Prerequisites of an interrogation : Before conducting interrogation an interrogator should have the information about: Suspect: i Name, age, profession, occupation ii Social and financial situation iii Criminal history iv Relation with the victim if any Victim: i Name, age, profession, occupation ii Social and financial situation iii Criminal history if any Scene of crime: i Time and place of occurrence ii Modus operandi iii Physical evidence collected iv Information collected Approach Place of Interrogation: i At the spot when a suspect is apprehended at the scene of crime ii In an interrogation room where the interrogator has more psychological advantage.
Time of Interrogation: i As soon as the suspect is apprehended and information collected You should always remember that a suspect is innocent and not a criminal unless his guilt is proved in court.
Don't ever use third degree method. Always maintain courtesy.
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